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# 4-20 mA scaling

Convert loop current or voltage to engineering units and back, with NAMUR NE 43 live zero and fault checks.

Enter a reading to scale it.

NAMUR NE 43 is the reason 4 mA reads as zero rather than a quarter of span: 3.8 to 20.5 mA is a live measurement, 3.6 to 3.8 and 20.5 to 21.0 mA are transitional bands, and outside 3.6 to 21.0 mA the receiver should treat the reading as a fault current. Extrapolated readings are the plain arithmetic; a real transmitter clamps instead.
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